Future Perfect

Future Perfect

The future perfect tense indicates that an action will have been completed at some point in the future.

FORMULA / STRUCTURE

Subject + will + have + Verb [third form]

Third form of verb is called Past Participle form.

Singular subject = will

Plural subject = will

I = will

Shall can be used for the future, in the first person, after I or We.

BASIC LEVEL

EXAMPLES

[‘ll = will]

→ I’ll have played cricket. (I’ll = I will)

→ We will have played this day.

→ You will have watched TV.

→ You will have watched TV.

→ Yaqoob will have read a book.

→ Yaqoob will have read a book.

→ Yaqoob and Aslam will have read a book.

→ He will have worked.

→ He will have worked.

→ She will have worked.

→ It will have rained.

→ They will have played.

We cannot use “has” after will.

→ He will have done this.

NOT He will has done this.

How to pronounce 'ed' at the end of a verb. Click here.

Second and third form of READ is “READ” but it is pronounced as “red”.

First form	Second form	Third form	Fourth form
Read	Read	Read	Reading

V2 & V3 = Read (pronounce as red)

I will = I’ll	We will = We’ll	You will = You’ll
He will = He’ll	She will = She’ll	It will = It’ll
They will = They’ll

NEGATIVE EXAMPLES

For negative we use [will not have = won’t have]

→ I will not have played cricket.

NOT I will have not played cricket.

OR I won’t have played cricket.

→ Yaqoob will not have read a book.

OR Yaqoob won’t have read a book.

→ You will not have watched TV.

OR You won’t have watched TV.

INTERROGATIVE / QUESTION

For interrogative we use [will]

→ Will Yaqoob have read a book?

→ Will Yaqoob not have read a book?

OR Won’t Yaqboob have read a book?

→ Will you have watched TV?

→ Will you not have watched TV?

OR Won’t you have watched TV?

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

(i) Read these examples:

→ The bus will leave at 10 am. As I know you, you will arrive at 10:20 am. When you arrive, the bus will have left.

→ By this time next week, I will have worked on this project.
→ Before he sees his publisher, he will have finished new book.
→ Since how long will it have been together?

→ At 4 o'clock tomorrow, I will have met him.

→ I will have sung different kinds of songs before you join us.

We use the future perfect with a future time word, to talk about an action that will finish before a certain time in the future, but we don't know exactly when.

→ By 8 o'clock, she will have completed her drawing.

(= she will finish her drawing some time before 8, but we don't know exactly when.)

→ By the time I am sixty-five, I will have retired.

(= I will retire sometime before I'm sixty. Maybe when I'm sixty-four, maybe when I'm sixty-two.)

→ They will have lived here for five years next June.

→ This game is going to last ages. It will have finished until midnight.

→ Will she have read this book by the time it's due back to the library? ~ Yes. She will have read it by then.

We often use the future perfect with expressions of time such as by lunch-time, until midnight, before then, by the time you have to take it back.

ADVANCE LEVEL

(ii) When Not to Use the Future Perfect Tense

The future perfect tense is only for actions that will be complete before a specified point in the future. In other words, the action you’re talking about must have a deadline.

If you mention a deadline, use the future perfect tense.

→ By 8 o'clock, she will have completed her drawing.

→ By this time next week, I will have worked on this project.

If you don’t mention a deadline, use the simple future tense (future indefinite).

→ She will complete her drawing.

NOT she will have completed her drawing.

→ I will work on this project.

NOT I will have worked on this project.

The deadline can be very specific (eight o’clock) or it can be vague (غیر واضح) (next week). It can even depend on when something else happens. It just has to be some time in the future.

(iii) Read this:

[Reference: (Second Edition) Oxford Practice Grammar by John Eastwood Unit 22]

We know about things in the present and in the past because they are already real. But talking about the future is more of a problem. There is no single form in English that we can always use for the future. There are many different ways of talking about the future, depending on how we see a future event. It may be something that is fairly sure to happen, but on the other hand it may be just a plan or an intention, or it may be something that you think will happen but you can't be sure about.

(iv) 

Shall

Uncertain future : I or We → shall

I shall, We shall

Certain Future : I or We → will

I will, We will

↷ I will go there.

(= means I shall definitely go there.)

Uncertain future : The Rest → will

You will, He will, she will, it will, they will

Certain Future : The Rest → shall

You shall, he shall, she shall, it shall, they shall

↷ He shall pass the examinations.

(= means he will definitely pass the examinations.)

↷ The form shall not be submitted after February.

(= means it will not be submitted after February at any cost.)

We can be certain about ourselves, but we cannot be certain normally about others. That’s why usage of shall becomes less.

If you have confusion do practice or use only “will”.